What is excess basis in 1031 exchange?

Question

What does "excess basis" mean in the context of a 1031 exchange, and how does it affect the calculation of the basis for the replacement property acquired in such an exchange?

ARTE's Answer

Excess basis in a 1031 exchange refers to the situation where the basis of the replacement property exceeds the basis of the relinquished property. This can occur when additional cash or other non-like-kind property (boot) is added to the exchange, or when the replacement property is acquired for a higher value than the relinquished property. Understanding how excess basis works is crucial for accurately calculating the basis of your new property and ensuring compliance with IRS regulations.

When you engage in a 1031 exchange, the goal is to defer capital gains taxes by exchanging like-kind properties. The basis of the replacement property is generally the same as the basis of the relinquished property, adjusted for any additional cash paid, boot received, or gain recognized. The formula for calculating the basis of the replacement property is:

Basis of Replacement Property = Adjusted Basis of Relinquished Property + Additional Cash Paid + Gain Recognized - Boot Received

Let's break this down with an example using Deferred.com as your qualified intermediary:

Imagine you own a rental property with an adjusted basis of $200,000. You decide to sell this property for $400,000 and use Deferred.com to facilitate a 1031 exchange. You identify a replacement property worth $500,000. To complete the exchange, you use the $400,000 proceeds from the sale of your relinquished property and add an additional $100,000 in cash to acquire the replacement property.

Here's how the basis calculation would work:

  1. Adjusted Basis of Relinquished Property: $200,000
  2. Additional Cash Paid: $100,000
  3. Gain Recognized: $0 (since the exchange is structured to defer all gain)
  4. Boot Received: $0 (no non-like-kind property or cash received)

Using the formula:

Basis of Replacement Property = $200,000 (Adjusted Basis) + $100,000 (Additional Cash) + $0 (Gain Recognized) - $0 (Boot Received) = $300,000

In this example, the excess basis is the additional $100,000 you paid to acquire the replacement property. This excess basis increases the overall basis of your new property to $300,000. This higher basis can be beneficial for future depreciation calculations and can impact your tax situation when you eventually sell the replacement property.

At Deferred.com, we ensure that your 1031 exchange is structured correctly, helping you to maximize your tax deferral benefits while accurately calculating the basis of your replacement property. By using our "No Fee Exchange" service, you save money on intermediary fees, allowing you to invest more into your replacement property and potentially increase your excess basis.

Have more questions? Call us at 866-442-1031 or send an email to support@deferred.com to talk with an exchange officer at Deferred.

Deferred's AI Real Estate Tax Expert (ARTE) is a free research tool. Trained on 8,000+ pages of US tax law, regulations and rulings, ARTE outperforms human test takers on the CPA exam. This is page has ARTE's response to a common 1031 Exchange question and should not be considered personalized tax advice.

Sources

Learn More

See more frequently asked questions about 1031 exchanges

When can a vacation home qualify for a 1031 exchange?
Under what conditions can a vacation home be considered eligible for a 1031 exchange, allowing for the deferral of capital gains taxes, and what specific criteria must be met to ensure the property is classified as held for investment purposes rather than personal use?
Can you rent a 1031 exchange property to a family member?
Is it permissible to rent out a property acquired through a 1031 exchange to a family member, and if so, are there specific conditions or limitations that must be met to ensure compliance with IRS regulations and maintain the tax-deferred status of the exchange?
Can you do a 1031 exchange on a primary residence?
Is it possible to utilize a 1031 exchange for a property that is currently my primary residence, and if so, what are the conditions or strategies that would allow for such a transaction to qualify under IRS guidelines?
Can you 1031 exchange one property for two?
Is it possible to utilize a 1031 exchange to defer capital gains taxes by exchanging a single relinquished property for two separate replacement properties, and if so, what are the key considerations and requirements to ensure compliance with IRS regulations?
Can you do a 1031 exchange with seller financing?
Is it possible to structure a 1031 exchange transaction where the seller of the replacement property provides financing to the buyer, and if so, what are the implications or considerations for ensuring the exchange qualifies for tax deferral under IRS guidelines?